No way to clean up oil spill under Arctic ice: expert
ANDREW MAYEDA, Canwest News Service
June 15, 2010 - OTTAWA - There is no known way of cleaning up a major oil spill under the Arctic ice of the Beaufort Sea, a parliamentary committee heard June 15.
Canadian regulators have been closely monitoring ongoing efforts to clean up the massive oil spill in the Gulf of Mexico. But a senior official with a Canadian firm that specializes in oil-spill response told the House of Commons natural-resources committee that many of the techniques being used in the Gulf would be useless if a big spill were to occur under the Arctic ice.
“There does not exist today technology that can recover oil from ice,” said Ron Bowden, manager of international sales with Aqua-Guard Spill Response, a company based in North Vancouver. Offshore oil production in the Canadian portion of the Beaufort Sea remains at least several years away, although licences have been granted in recent years to companies such as BP and Exxon Mobil to conduct exploratory drilling.
In the wake of the Gulf Coast disaster, serious questions are being raised about the ability of oil companies and government responders to clean up a major spill in the harsh conditions of the Arctic. The last company to drill an exploratory well in the Beaufort was Devon Energy in 2005. But that well was drilled only about 10 metres deep, whereas the BP and Imperial leases are at depths of several hundred metres. Bowden said traditional methods of cleaning up spills, such as the use of containment booms, would be ineffective at capturing oil trapped under the ice.
“You can’t lay boom on ice,” he said. “You can’t recover oil from the surface, because it’s hampered by the ice or under the ice, so it’s quite a different scenario, and there is really no solution or method today that we’re aware of that can actually recover oil from the Arctic.”
Carl Brown, an Environment Canada official who has conducted extensive research into spill response methods, also told the committee that recovering oil in the Arctic would be challenging. “Our main conclusions are that response in the Arctic is difficult because of the limitations that we have on available resources and infrastructure,” said Brown.
Drilling off Canada’s Arctic coast is regulated by the National Energy Board, an arm’s-length agency accountable to Parliament through the minister of natural resources. A senior official with Natural Resources Canada told the committee that regulators such as the National Energy Board, which has launched a full-blown review of its environmental-protection standards, have taken a number of steps since the Gulf Coast spill to reinforce Canada’s already robust regulations. “The bottom line is that we have a strong regulatory system in place,” said Mark Corey, assistant deputy minister of the department’s energy sector. However, some opposition members of the committee did not appear satisfied with the safeguards in place against a major spill off Canada’s coastline. Rene Grenier, deputy commissioner of the Canadian Coast Guard, said his agency has roughly 90 kilometres of booms that could be deployed to clean up a spill.
“The U.S. has deployed more than 2,000 kilometres of boom so far, with another 700 kilometres of boom on hand. Our coast is 10 times the length of the U.S. coast. Why do we have so little boom capacity?” said New Democrat MP Nathan Cullen.
[Ed. Note – from BarentsObserver – “A report made by scientists funded by Shell and six other oil companies in November 2009 contradicts what the Canadian expert says. According to the scientists, ice can act as a natural blockade that traps the oil and gives responders more time to clean it up.” See that story below.]
Icy oil spill easier to clean, scientists say
BarentsObserver
November 19, 2009 - Scientists funded by Shell and six other oil companies say that cleaning up oil spills in Arctic ice is in many respects easier than cleaning it from open water. This research conflicts with conventional wisdom.
In a presentation of the research in Anchorage, Alaska, on Tuesday the scientists said that oil spilled in open water tends to spread out quickly over large areas and contaminate the shoreline. In contrast, recent testing in the Barents Sea above northern Europe has shown that ice can act as a natural blockade that traps the oil and gives responders more time to clean it up.
The researchers' preliminary findings conflict with the conventional wisdom about how spills in Arctic ice would be difficult, if not impossible, to clean up, Anchorage Daily News reports.Shell brought the oil industry-funded researchers from the Norwegian nonprofit research institute SINTEF to Anchorage to present findings from experiments they ran in the Barents Sea in May. This was the final major tests in a 12 million USD, five-year research effort ending next year.
In the experiment, the researchers said they discharged 22 m³ of crude oil in broken and slushy ice off the northern coast of Norway. In the various spill experiments, the scientists tested several cleanup techniques, , including scraping it up with mechanical skimmers, burning oil surrounded by fireproof booms, and using chemical dispersants to force the oil to dilute to the point it can be eaten by micro-organisms. The tests showed that all three of those techniques effectively remove most of the spilled oil, the SINTEF researchers said.
The six other oil companies that funded the spill research are BP, Chevron, Conoco Phillips, Statoil of Norway, Eni of Italy and Total of France.
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